How vacation work on our body..💉->👿->🥀

Todays topic is vaccine and how it works on our body. Simple way I'll discuss about vaccine machanism.

Introduction: In 1796, the scientist Edward Jenner injected material from a cowpox virus into an eight year old boy with a hunch that this would providethe protection needed to save people from deadly outbreaksof the related smallpox virus. It was a success. The eight year old was inoculated against the disease and it turns out the first ever vaccine.

Why did it work? 

To understand how vaccines function, we need to know how the immune system defends us against various deadly diseases in the first place. When foreign particles like virus, bacteria, fungi etc invade us, the immune system triggers a series of responses in an attempt to identify those antigens (foreign particles) and remove them from our bodies. The signs that this immuneresponse is working are the 

1. coughing, 

2. sneezing,

3. inflammation and 

4. fever 

we experience and those immune response are created by antigen. These innate immune responsesalso trigger our second line of defense, called adaptive immunity. Special cells called B cells and T cellsare recruited to fight microbes, and also record information about them, creating a memory of what the invaders look like, and how best to fight them. B-cells are made under the influence of bone marrow and T-cells are made under the influence of thymus. This cells know how to tackle if the same pathogen or foreign particles invades the body again. But despite this smart response, risk still involved there. The body takes time to learn how to respond to foreign particles and to build up defenses against them. And after that also, if a body is too weak or young to fight back when it's invaded, they might face very serious risk if the pathogen is particularly severe. But what if we could preparethe body's immune response, readying it before someone even got ill? This is where vaccines come in. Using the same principles that the body uses to defend itself, scientists use vaccines to trigger the body's adaptive immune system, without exposing humansto the full strength disease. This has resulted in many vaccines, each vaccine work uniquely and separated into many different types. First, we have live attenuated vaccines. These are made of the pathogen itselfbut a much weaker and tamer version. Next, we have inactive vaccines,in which the pathogens have been killed. The weakening and inactivationin both types of vaccine ensures that pathogens don't developinto the full blown disease. But just like a disease,they trigger an immune response, teaching the body to recognize an attack by making a profileof pathogens in preparation. The downside is that live attenuatedvaccines can be difficult to make, and because they're liveand quite powerful, people with weaker immune systemscan't have them, while inactive vaccinesdon't create long-lasting immunity. Another type, the subunit vaccine, is only made from one partof the pathogen, called an antigen, the ingredient that actually triggersthe immune response. By even further isolating specific components of antigens, like proteins or polysaccharides, these vaccines can promptspecific responses. Scientists are now buildinga whole new range of vaccines called DNA vaccines. For this variety, they isolate the very genes that make the specific antigens the body needs to trigger its immuneresponse to specific pathogens. When injected into the human body, those genes instruct cellsin the body to make the antigens. It creates a stronger immune response, and prepares our body for any future risks, and because the vaccine only includes specific genetic material, it doesn't contain any extra ingredients from the rest of the pathogen that could develop into the diseaseand harm the patient. If these vaccines become a success, we might be able to buildmore effective treatments for invasive pathogens in years to come. Just like Edward Jenner's amazing discovery spurred on modern medicineall those decades ago, continuing the development of vaccines might even allow usto treat diseases like HIV, malaria, or Ebola, one day. HIV vaccine is under the process of developing and it's more than 50 years in this stage. Hopefully in few months this covid 19 vaccine comes out successfully after all the clinical trials. For the development of vaccine government of different countries should not create pressure on scientists. Without proper development of vaccine it can show various complications and it also could create problem more than this pendemic.

Conclusion: Every thing sarts with scientist Edward Jenner's small pox virus vaccine and how cow pox virus became vaccine for us. After that how it's working? and machanism involves in it. Different vaccine and their developing story and governments pressure on scientists.

Thank you guys. For more follow- what maybe you don't know about health and politics